In the past, education was given orally. The father of the family taught his son about his occupation and the rules of the community. Some functions were performed according to religion. Then came 'Gurukul system of education'. This education was limited to the Brahmins and Chhetries only. The Brahmins studied Vedas, Upanishads, Jyotish (astronomy) and science of rituals (Karmakanda). The Chhetris learned how to conduct administration and art of warfare. This education was given to the 'ashram' of 'rishi' and 'muni'. Those who helped the king in administration also received education. Buddhist monks also imparted education based on their religion. This education was imparted at the 'gumba' and 'vihar'. This type of education was prevailed in Nepal up to the Malla period too. Some Malla kings such as Pratap Malla were very learned. They wrote books in Sanskrit, Newari and Maithili.
Modern education in Nepal was introduced by Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana. He brought two English teachers from Europe and established an English school at Thapathali Palace in 1910 B.S. it was meant only for his children. Later on this school was shifted on Ranipokhari. This school was named as Durbar School. Now it is called Bhanu Madhyamik Vidyalaya. Balguru Khadananda, too, founded a Sanskrit School at Dingla at Bhojpur in 1932 B.S. When Bir Shumsher became Prime Minister of Nepal, he permitted general people to receive education at Durbar School. Prime Minister Dev Shumsher made great contributions to education in Nepal. In 1958 B.S., he founded more than 100 language schools in different parts of the country. Jay Prithvi Bahadur Singh's contribution to educational development was remarkable. He wrote a book called 'Aksharanka Shiksha' for the students of language schools.
Prime Minister Chandra Shumsher set up Tri-chandra College in Kathmandu in 1975 B.S. It was the first college in Nepal. Prime Ministers Juddha Shumsher and Padma Shumsher also made remarkable contributions in the field of education. Basic schools were set up and women education was started. In 1990 B.S., the SLC Board was established in Nepal. People were allowed to establish schools. What the Rana prime ministers did for education was remarkable although it was highly controlled by them. Before 2007 B.S., only 2 per cent of the population of the country was literate.
With the advent of democracy in 2007 B.S., an educational wave swept all over the country. Many schools were set up by the government and the public. In 2016 B.S., Tribhuvan University was established. Schools and colleges were founded at random. Education imparted was not suitable for the country. Attempts were made to improve the prevailing education, but not much progress could be made. In 2028 B.S., National Education System Plan was implemented. It introduced vocational education to provide manpower for the development of the country. Many reforms were introduced in education. New curriculum was introduced.
Late King Birendra declared the primary education free in 2041 B.S. In 2041 B.S., he announced the distribution of textbooks free of cost. In 2038 B.S., the curriculum was changed and new programmes were initiated. After 2049, steps were taken towards the development of higher education. Kathmandu University, Purbanchal University, Pokhara University, Mahendra Sanskrit University (now Nepal Sanskrit University) were set up. By 2058 B.S., literacy rate reached 53.74 per cent. However, it is quiet lower than the literacy rate in developed countries.
Modern education in Nepal was introduced by Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana. He brought two English teachers from Europe and established an English school at Thapathali Palace in 1910 B.S. it was meant only for his children. Later on this school was shifted on Ranipokhari. This school was named as Durbar School. Now it is called Bhanu Madhyamik Vidyalaya. Balguru Khadananda, too, founded a Sanskrit School at Dingla at Bhojpur in 1932 B.S. When Bir Shumsher became Prime Minister of Nepal, he permitted general people to receive education at Durbar School. Prime Minister Dev Shumsher made great contributions to education in Nepal. In 1958 B.S., he founded more than 100 language schools in different parts of the country. Jay Prithvi Bahadur Singh's contribution to educational development was remarkable. He wrote a book called 'Aksharanka Shiksha' for the students of language schools.
Prime Minister Chandra Shumsher set up Tri-chandra College in Kathmandu in 1975 B.S. It was the first college in Nepal. Prime Ministers Juddha Shumsher and Padma Shumsher also made remarkable contributions in the field of education. Basic schools were set up and women education was started. In 1990 B.S., the SLC Board was established in Nepal. People were allowed to establish schools. What the Rana prime ministers did for education was remarkable although it was highly controlled by them. Before 2007 B.S., only 2 per cent of the population of the country was literate.
With the advent of democracy in 2007 B.S., an educational wave swept all over the country. Many schools were set up by the government and the public. In 2016 B.S., Tribhuvan University was established. Schools and colleges were founded at random. Education imparted was not suitable for the country. Attempts were made to improve the prevailing education, but not much progress could be made. In 2028 B.S., National Education System Plan was implemented. It introduced vocational education to provide manpower for the development of the country. Many reforms were introduced in education. New curriculum was introduced.
Late King Birendra declared the primary education free in 2041 B.S. In 2041 B.S., he announced the distribution of textbooks free of cost. In 2038 B.S., the curriculum was changed and new programmes were initiated. After 2049, steps were taken towards the development of higher education. Kathmandu University, Purbanchal University, Pokhara University, Mahendra Sanskrit University (now Nepal Sanskrit University) were set up. By 2058 B.S., literacy rate reached 53.74 per cent. However, it is quiet lower than the literacy rate in developed countries.
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