EDUCATION IN NEPAL

In the past, education was given orally. The father of the family taught his son about his occupation and the rules of the community. Some functions were performed according to religion. Then came 'Gurukul system of education'. This education was limited to the Brahmins and Chhetries only. The Brahmins studied Vedas, Upanishads, Jyotish (astronomy) and science of rituals (Karmakanda). The Chhetris learned how to conduct administration and art of warfare. This education was given to the 'ashram' of 'rishi' and 'muni'. Those who helped the king in administration also received education. Buddhist monks also imparted education based on their religion. This education was imparted at the 'gumba' and 'vihar'. This type of education was prevailed in Nepal up to the Malla period too. Some Malla kings such as Pratap Malla were very learned. They wrote books in Sanskrit, Newari and Maithili.
Modern education in Nepal was introduced by Prime Minister Jung Bahadur Rana. He brought two English teachers from Europe and established an English school at Thapathali Palace in 1910 B.S. it was meant only for his children. Later on this school was shifted on Ranipokhari. This school was named as Durbar School. Now it is called Bhanu Madhyamik Vidyalaya. Balguru Khadananda, too, founded a Sanskrit School at Dingla at Bhojpur in 1932 B.S. When Bir Shumsher became Prime Minister of Nepal, he permitted general people to receive education at Durbar School. Prime Minister Dev Shumsher made great contributions to education in Nepal. In 1958 B.S., he founded more than 100 language schools in different parts of the country. Jay Prithvi Bahadur Singh's contribution to educational development was remarkable. He wrote a book called 'Aksharanka Shiksha' for the students of language schools.
Prime Minister Chandra Shumsher set up Tri-chandra College in Kathmandu in 1975 B.S. It was the first college in Nepal. Prime Ministers Juddha Shumsher and Padma Shumsher also made remarkable contributions in the field of education. Basic schools were set up and women education was started. In 1990 B.S., the SLC Board was established in Nepal. People were allowed to establish schools. What the Rana prime ministers did for education was remarkable although it was highly controlled by them. Before 2007 B.S., only 2 per cent of the population of the country was literate.
With the advent of democracy in 2007 B.S., an educational wave swept all over the country. Many schools were set up by the government and the public. In 2016 B.S., Tribhuvan University was established. Schools and colleges were founded at random. Education imparted was not suitable for the country. Attempts were made to improve the prevailing education, but not much progress could be made. In 2028 B.S., National Education System Plan was implemented. It introduced vocational education to provide manpower for the development of the country. Many reforms were introduced in education. New curriculum was introduced.
Late King Birendra declared the primary education free in 2041 B.S. In 2041 B.S., he announced the distribution of textbooks free of cost. In 2038 B.S., the curriculum was changed and new programmes were initiated. After 2049, steps were taken towards the development of higher education. Kathmandu University, Purbanchal University, Pokhara University, Mahendra Sanskrit University (now Nepal Sanskrit University) were set up. By 2058 B.S., literacy rate reached 53.74 per cent. However, it is quiet lower than the literacy rate in developed countries.

QUALITY EDUCATION

Quality education produces best graduates. People get proper knowledge, skill and attitude for being a good family member, and then become goo d citizens.
A family should make every effort to provide quality education to its children so that the children will have better future .They will be able to compete in income generating activities and employment opportunities. When the young adults will be able to earn by engaging themselves in any income generating activities, they will be able to contribute towards raising the quality of life of the family. So, quality education is one of the important aspects of acquiring quality of life of the family.
Besides, basic needs like food, cloth, shelter, education have also become the primary need of the family. In a family with quality living, the family members will be given opportunity to get quality education from good institution. The quality education makes the quality graduates who in turn will be good citizens, and they will later work for the betterment of the family and also for the development of the country.

HISTORY OF EDUCATION

From the ancient period, teaching and learning process has been continued in course of gaining knowledge. In a human's life, learning process is essential to be meditative. But it's not genuine that only bookish knowledge is adequate for oneself. Knowledge has its wide scope and knowledge gaining process takes place throughout life through various extents. In compressive sense, the best source of knowledge is family and parents. As soon as a child is born and opens his eyes, he finds himself amidst his parents and family. He learns the movements of hid body and facial expression from his parents. Later he learns to walk and speak and in course of time, he learns the manners and good conviction.
'Home is the first school for children' is a much admitted saying. Parents are the lifelong friends and teachers who are experienced and thus can teach the children good habits and all the necessary things for their all round intensification. Thus, parents are the source of inspiration and socialization. Moving towards the outer environment, there are various factors for gaining knowledge outer than school books such as extracurricular activities, trainings and vocational education. A learning person learns a lot from the practical training and co-curricular activities than from the theoretical subjects.
A good circle of friends plays a significant role in process of acquiring knowledge. It is found that teenagers are very well influenced by their friends. Thus a warm peer group can help to gain knowledge sharing their ideas and experience. An ideal teacher is one of the most important sources of knowledge in our life from whom we can learn a lot. Travelling to various places implies getting knowledge about various places, the people and their customs. Media is equally important in the field of getting information. Media like TV, Radio, Newspaper, Magazines, and Internet enable people to get connected with the world wide ambience.
TV and magazines give us a lot of useful information on various subjects as well as the current news. At present, Internet has become the most essential tool to provide knowledge for students. This is because Internet is the source of information and knowledge from all over the world. Sitting in a room, we can be well known about different places of the world and things going on there.
"Experience is the best teacher" is a very popular saying that implies that we can acquire much more knowledge from our own experience than any other course books. Experience and practice help the life go on. Talking about the experience, it can be good and bad, a successful or a failure but these are the pros and cons of our life, which help us to learn.
For the learners like us, a reliable discussion with our friends, teachers and parents is also very useful to fill our empty minds with wisdom. A very different from other fields, experiments also makes us able to know things. The experiments and observation of our surroundings take us to their depth to understand them. The nature, which is the mother of all sources, is again a wellspring of wisdom. The flora and fauna, sky, rivers, stream, fresh air, clouds, etc. always remain avid to teach us some lessons in our life.
To conclude I want to say that apart from the course books of our schools and colleges, there is a wide range of fields to widen our vision and broaden our mind. We should not only remain a book worm hooked into the bulky pages of the books but should be motivated towards these areas in order to be a knowledgeable person and have an all round developed personality.
Education is one of the most important components which make people aware of everything. A person
will be able to decide "what is good for him or her?" through education. Knowledge and skill with attitude help a person become successful. She/he may be able to provide quality life to family members.
An educated person will be able to get a good employment with better income and thus the family members will be benefited with all the needs for the attainment of quality life. Besides, a well aware person will have better knowledge of using all the resources and facilities properly, adequately and timely for the welfare of the family.

EDUCATION

Education is the process of getting knowledge from the teacher or from the elders who is experienced about something. It is regarded as one of the greatest qualities and virtues of man. It raises the man above animals. It is rightly said that a man without education is an animal without tail. The most important resource of any country is its citizens. But they must be well educated, trained, and motivated to carry out various works. It is vital for human beings. It promotes awareness and awareness contributes to all round development. Education teaches skills and good behavior. It makes us able to lead a quality